wto reform proposals

For more context consult the World Trade Organization’s explainers, available at https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm3_e.htm. The EU, Canada, Japan, the United States and other members have begun offering concrete proposals for addressing these problems, and the G20 political leaders gave a strong endorsement to their efforts in the December 2018 communique of the Buenos Aires summit. The views expressed in this proposal are without prejudice to the position and proposals of China in … This article provides an overview of the modus operandi of the World Trade Organization (WTO) (for example, decision-making procedures, negotiating modalities, and dispute settlement), and summarizes the major arguments and proposals to reform them. Latest news, WTO crisis and reform The EU’s 15 WTO reform proposals. The trilateral discussions that commenced in 2017 between the US, Japan and the EU are primarily aimed at addressing China’s trade practices but do spill over into WTO reform efforts. EU says G20 summit priorities to be multilateralism and WTO reform World leaders will descend upon Osaka, ... (WTO), according to a draft proposal circulated to national lawmakers. WTO Reform Proposals. The Suntech factory in Wuxi, China. 25 years of the WTO—Causes of Decay and Reform Proposals for the Future. The aim here would be to devise a plurilateral path forward that could eventually feed into a WTO reform agreement. Author: Iana Dreyer. Running a member-driven and complex organization based on consensus is no longer practical. The report is released during February each year. The WTO Director-General and his team have noted the need for reform and the fact that reform has become an important topic in the last year or so. ... crisis, because the WTO is not designed for geostrategic rivalry between its members. Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have become increasingly frustrated with all three of its main functions: monitoring member states’ trade policies, providing a forum to negotiate new trade agreements, and arbitrating trade disputes. 2.↩ Green, blue, and amber, respectively. whether proposals for reform will help achieve the underlying objective of WTO members. The G20 should establish a subsidies reform sub-committee. Announced a day before the U.S.-China “Phase One” agreement, these reforms target trade-distorting subsidies, including those used by Beijing to support strategic industries, which were notably Such a reform would eliminate individual countries’ veto power, allowing agreements to progress within the WTO even if certain members oppose them. meeting the 90-day timeframe (the translation to the other WTO languages and formal circulation and adoption would come later). Allowing for certain policy space carve outs and tailored special and differential treatment for developing countries, the principle of competitive neutrality should still be central to reform, to ensure the integrity of market competition that underpins healthy economic development. Today, the EU together with other members of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) - Australia, Canada, China, Iceland, India, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore and Switzerland – unveiled a proposal for concrete changes to overcome the current deadlock in the WTO Appellate Body. Weyand told an online forum that the EU is planning to present a World Trade Organization reform proposal in February and is now willing … 1.2. “The distorting effects of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and industrial subsidies on global market competition has become a topic of increasing importance.” #DevMatters. Subsidy usage is therefore a key development issue. Two proposals for WTO reform. In approaching the WTO Reform discussions, LDC … On May 13, 2019, China's delegation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) submitted a long-awaited proposal on WTO reform. 18/09/2018 by Iana Dreyer Views: 325. Instead, willing WTO members could agree to a ‘joint statement initiative’ that could be incubated by the G20 process. There is growing pressure from key actors for WTO reform. First, it will ensure that G20 discussions are informed by broader WTO reform considerations being worked out in Geneva. WTO Reform – U.S. Leadership, organization, and … Achieving consensus through innovative methods, such as plurilaterals and regional agreements, is equally important and can facilitate the functioning of the multilateral system. The U.S., EU and Japan have jointly outlined a reform agenda for the WTO’s Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (ASCM)1 , focusing on market distorting effects of state capitalism. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. number of proposals covering a wide range of topics. The United States Trade Representative annually releases the Administration’s Trade Policy Agenda and prior year’s Annual Report. The reform proposals by major trading nations also note that the WTO system faces internal difficulties. Proposals for WTO reform : a synthesis and assessment. Many critics impose their own value judgments regarding what they believe the WTO should pursue, or base On February 28, 2020, USTR released the 2020 Trade Policy Agenda and 2019 Annual Report of the President of the Untied States on the Trade … Proposals for reforming the World Trade Organization fail to deal with problems raised by the United States, the U.S. envoy to the WTO told its General Council on Wednesday. WTO reform in Sept., and 12+1 countries held the first conference on WTO reform at Ottawa in Oct. 2+3 countries put forward the reform proposal on notification and transparency in Sept. 2018. China announced the WTO reform document in 23 Nov. and put forward together with EU, India and other countries two proposals of the reform in late Nov. 2018. To achieve such reform, WTO Members must continue moving toward – and not away from – more open, market-oriented policies and conditions. Jan 15, 2021 9:20 AM. 3.↩ These are drawn from a longer policy brief the authors have previously written on the topic: ‘Industrial Subsidies, State-Owned Enterprises and WTO Reform: Prospects for Cooperation’, Institute for International Trade, PB08, 2020, https://iit.adelaide.edu.au/news/list/2020/09/02/industrial-subsidies-state-owned-enterprises-and-wto-reform-prospects-for. Last week, the trade ministers of the United States, the European Union, and Japan met and agreed on proposed reforms to the World Trade Organization (WTO) rules governing subsidies. reform proposals from former WTO officials and academics. The benefits of this approach are twofold. See all … On October 24-25, Canada will host a meeting of 12 other trade ministers, including those from Brazil, the European Union, and Japan, to discuss possible reforms to the WTO. 28 Pages Posted: 20 Apr 2016. by Reuters Friday, 15 January 2021 15:12 GMT. The proposals for WTO dispute settlement reform are a positive development both because they represent ongoing outreach by countries who met in Ottawa in October to expand discussion of an interest in reform and because there are now at least some initial concrete proposals to address at least some of the concerns that the United States (and others) have had over time. By Professor Peter Draper, Executive Director and Dr Naoise McDonagh, Lecturer, Institute for International Trade, The University of Adelaide. This article does not offer a solution to the complex issues at hand, but engages a more humble endeavour to do two things. Propose that the Director General constitute other “Friends” groups to advance consideration of institutional reform and other issues of current importance, and providing possible solutions, such as with respect to the relationship to current and future WTO Agreements of the Paris Accord on Climate Change, the disciplining of fossil fuel subsidies, addressing border adjustments likely with the adoption of … The remit of the sub-committee needs to be multi-year and not tied to the Presidential rotation of the G20 since working through reform packages that are technically complex, as well as economically and politically sensitive, will be slow. China must be named a non-market economy to stop the trade body sliding into irrelevance. Share: Newsletter sign up: Trending. This would most likely focus on the ASCM, by expanding the coverage of prohibited subsidies, while re-establishing the expired permissible subsidies such as those supporting regional development, research and development, and environmental management. The Trump Administration’s Appellate Body-related grievance is one facet – albeit the most prominent one, of a larger list of grievances leveled by Washington against the WTO. A potential architecture for a deal on industrial subsidies should draw on the Agreement on Agriculture’s colour-coded ‘boxes’2, corresponding to a spectrum of non-trade distorting subsidies to most trade distorting subsidies. By Professor Peter Draper, Executive Director and Dr Naoise McDonagh, Lecturer, Institute for International Trade, The University of Adelaide. Second, informal liaisons with non-G20 WTO members who are interested in subsidies reform negotiations can be engaged in an ongoing manner, with an eye towards eventual broader reforms. October 23, 2018. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. China stands ready to engage in discussions with other WTO Members. Due to the U.S.' block of the appointment of judges of the WTO's Appellate Body (AB), the AB will cease to function at the end of 2019, thus paralyzing the dispute settlement mechanism, which lies at the heart of the world trading system and is hailed as the crown … Reforming industrial subsidies usage through the WTO: process proposals, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), OECD Development Co-operation Directorate, https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm3_e.htm, https://iit.adelaide.edu.au/news/list/2020/09/02/industrial-subsidies-state-owned-enterprises-and-wto-reform-prospects-for, Aux racines de la violence contre les femmes : comprendre ses causes profondes et comment y remédier, What’s normal? Who We Are. Governments should agree on a capped limit for the growth in subsidies allowed under arrangements such as the aggregate measure of support in agriculture. Although the United States and European Union have coordinated better than reported on WTO reform proposals regarding the negotiation and monitoring functions over the last four years, they have remained at loggerheads on dispute settlement. This is the biggest issue now dividing U.S. and EU thinking on the reform of the WTO. The rules should be orientated by a view that permissible subsidies are always temporary, based on regular review processes backed by predictable and enforceable phase out schedules. At the same time tighter disciplines governing the usage of countervailing duties will need to be on the table. Furthermore, while subsidies may result in cheaper imports of technology for non-subsidisers, these gains can be erased later once pricing power is established by market leaders. The World Trade Organization (WTO) serves as a place where trade policy issues are addressed, disputes arbitrated, legal frameworks derived and enforced. It could also help brake any retreat toward outright protectionism. Many critics You need to be a subscriber and logged in to view this content. The transatlantic partners have a large stake in the future of the WTO and global trade architecture. For a better experience now, use another browser. principles of the WTO that reform proposals suggest need to be changed. This would provide the basis on which a reduced but still worthwhile set of reforms could be negotiated. Proposals for reform of other WTO policies and procedures have garnered intensive debate. First, given the oppositional nature of the policy recommendations a broader reform package will be needed to enlarge the scope for negotiating trade-offs. Background Challenges 10 2. The world needs women’s talent to shape a better future, Gender-based violence: the ‘pandemic within a pandemic’ with devastating human and economic consequences. China has offered a different reform agenda that seeks greater recognition of the role of subsidies in pursuing legitimate social and development goals, as outlined in a recent WTO communication. Furthermore, given the gridlock at the WTO it is suggested that the G20 plurilateral initiative should progress irrespective of broader WTO buy-in. The distorting effects of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and industrial subsidies on global market competition has become a topic of increasing importance for many World Trade Organization (WTO) members in recent years. CGTN's Rachelle Akuffo spoke to Robert Gulotty about proposals for reforming the WTO. implement the proposals in each of the three areas. Since there is no single comprehensive proposal that captures all the areas of reform and represents the views of all WTO members, the paper assesses each proposal on a case-by-case basis. Section 2 briefly reviews the economic literature on the rationale for trade agreements, as a benchmark is needed to understand whether proposals for reform will help achieve the underlying objective of WTO members. For example, a recent Bloomberg report on the booming hydrogen energy sector suggested ‘a global race to stake claims in what could be a $700 billion business by 2050’ had emerged in a contest of ‘countries going against countries to lock in market share’. (Student, Jacob Phillips, sharing an overview of the pilot clinic at the University of the West Indies (Cave Hill Campus) and the confidential project). Analysis and Overview of the WTO Reform Proposals. These proposals are complex and cover various areas of the WTO. The Suntech factory in Wuxi, China. The driver of the U.S.’ veto, and key dissatisfaction with the Appellate Body’s functioning, is its view that the AB has: (a) repeatedly overstepped its role and mandate assigned at the time of the WTO’s founding in the mid-1990s; and (b) that the U.S.’ WTO partners are unable or unwilling to provide the requisite remedial comfort on this grievance. Subsidies for infectious disease vaccines or carbon emission reduction are obvious examples here. These proposals are complex and cover various areas of the WTO. Short Summary of a Confidential project for an International Government Organization The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the primary proposals emanating from Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) concerning the reform of the WTO to improve its functioning. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Here G20 members based in their respective WTO delegations would have regular meetings with regard to the subsidies reform agenda. The EU alone is reported to be earmarking up to EUR 470 billion to ensure market leadership in the sector. Internet Explorer won’t be supported for long. Key Trump Administration priorities included: Reform of special and differential treatment (SDT). WTO. The paper focuses on those proposals published on or before 1 April, 2019. WTO reform: EU proposes way forward on the functioning of the Appellate Body. A review of the proposals indicates that they are best categorized in accordance with the three main functions of the WTO, namely: (i) the negotiating function, (ii) the transparency function, (iii) the dispute settlement function. Though the impasse regarding the Appellate Body has captured the media’s attention, there are many other important areas of reform, such as the transparency function (and the proposed sanctions for States that fail to honour their notification obligations) and the restructuring of special and differential treatment. ... parties agree otherwise on a proposal from the Appellate Body. This article provides an overview of the modus operandi of the World Trade Organization (WTO) (for example, decision-making procedures, negotiating modalities, and dispute settlement), and summarizes the major arguments and proposals to reform them. While we cannot yet assume these subsidies will be in violation of WTO rules, there is a real possibility that growing contestation for market share involving use of subsidies will benefit those who can afford to spend the most. The trilateral discussions that commenced in 2017 between the US, Japan and the EU are primarily aimed at addressing China’s trade practices but do spill over into WTO reform efforts. Two proposals for WTO reform. We propose the following: Having outlined the core principles we view as appropriate for guiding a reform process we next turn to contours of a possible reform process. “A lack of reform may lead to growing use of subsidies by developed and advanced developing countries with deep pockets in ways that widen the economic gap between countries.” #DevMatters. General WTO reform EU reform Proposals on WTO appellate body: The textual proposals submitted by the EU in September 2018 to reform the appellate body can be briefly summarised as covering the following points; - Putting in place new rules for outgoing Appellate Body members which make clear in which cases they can stay This would be comprised of senior trade and finance ministry officials, as these officials have responsibilities to cover trade and industrial policy, financing of such policy, as well as the wider policy dimensions that arise with subsidies. This present article discusses the main reform proposals regarding future rule-making at the WTO, and whether these proposed reforms would lead the WTO to … In sum, we hope the above provides constructive ideas for a path towards reform for a number of key inter-related issues in the multilateral trade system that have major implications for developing … These fall into three main categories: the self-designation of WTO members as developing countries; sanctions for failing to meet notification obligations; and reforms to the functioning of the Appellate Body. This is because many developing economies will not have the capacity to leverage subsidies to build their industrial bases. WTO Member States have introduced constructive proposals that substantially redress the U.S.’ disquiet surrounding the AB’s overreach. A deadlock in the DDA negotiations since 2008, following a number of ministerial meetings that began in 2001 but which did not yield the desired outcomes, has brought again the focus on reform of the institution. WTO reform should cover four areas of concrete action, including "resolving the crucial and urgent issues threatening the existence of the WTO," increasing its relevance in global economic governance, improving its operational efficiency and enhancing the inclusiveness of the multilateral trading system. For the LDC Group, proposals for procedural reform in WTO Councils and Committees should contribute to strengthen the monitoring and implementation of all decisions taken in favor of the LDCs, and to achieve more results that can positively impact their Through these functions, the WTO ensures that the rules of trade policy are inspired by fairness and ... proposals. Though the impasse regarding the Appellate Body has captured the media’s attention, there are many other important areas of reform, such as the transparency function (and the proposed sanctions for States that fail to honour their notification obligations) and the restructuring of special and differential treatment. Second, informal liaisons with non-G20 WTO members who are interested in subsidies reform negotiations can be engaged in an ongoing manner, with an eye towards eventual broader reforms. China believes the necessary reform of the WTO should cover the following four areas for concrete actions: F irst, resolving the crucial and urgent issues threatening the existence of the WTO; S econd, increasing WTO 's relevance in global economic governance; Third, improving the operational efficiency of the WTO; and Fourth, enhancing the inclusiveness of the multilateral trading system. principles of the WTO that reform proposals suggest need to be changed. At the end of each section addressing the three main WTO functions – that is, the negotiating function, the transparency function, the dispute settlement function – recommendations are made. Some solutions have gained support, while others remain controversial among members. The transatlantic partners have a large stake in the future of the WTO and global trade architecture. Two steps are envisaged as follows3: In sum, we hope the above provides constructive ideas for a path towards reform for a number of key inter-related issues in the multilateral trade system that have major implications for developing countries. That said the goal is to establish a plurilateral process that can eventually feed into a broader WTO reform agenda. Given the wide scope of proposed reforms that key players have placed on the table, there should be plenty of interest from the broader WTO membership. Proposals for reforming the World Trade Organization fail to deal with problems raised by the United States, the U.S. envoy to the WTO told its General Council on Wednesday. Proposals for WTO reform : a synthesis and assessment Toggle navigation. Tackling the norms that hinder gender equality, (A)head of her times. The G20 is arguably a good starting point, as it contains the systemically important economies of both developed and developing status, and allows avoidance of the current gridlock in the WTO. The reform proposals by major trading nations also note that the WTO system faces internal difficulties. In 2018, World Trade Organization (WTO) members initiated several efforts to reform the 23-year old institution to address concerns that have arisen about key functions such as dispute settlement, as well as challenges that have been identified since China joined the organization in … This is progress. Functioning of the WTO 5 Contents 6 Executive Summary 8 1. Syndicated Content. In recent months, this has triggered an effort to reform the WTO—what U.S. ambassador to the WTO Dennis Shea termed “the Autumn of WTO reform.”. reform of the WTO, to include increasing WTO Member compliance with existing WTO notification obligations and pressing advanced WTO Members claiming developing country status to undertake full commitments in ongoing and future WTO negotiations; international rule-making on trade-related aspects of electronic commerce at the WTO; and Short Summary of a Confidential project for an International Government Organization. The distorting effects of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and industrial subsidies on global market competition has become a topic of increasing importance for many World Trade Organization (WTO) … Proposals for WTO Reform: A Synthesis and Assessment. If broader reform and expansion of disciplines to new areas under the WTO umbrella proves to be unattainable, aggressively pursuing “coalitions of the willing” or “fast and slow lanes” through bilateral and regional pacts will help to elucidate new paths for liberalization that could eventually be globalized. #WestIndies #WTO #DisputeSettlement #DSU #DSB #Information #Negotiation #UWI #PilotClinic, Assisting Uzbekistan's Parliament with Specific Issues Pertaining to its WTO Accession Process, Services Export: A Study on the Exportation of Software Services, {"items":["603db722ad41ee0057c768a0","6025d31fc3b84300178bf04e","6024838a6b6ab1002d5bbc67"],"styles":{"galleryType":"Columns","groupSize":1,"showArrows":true,"cubeImages":true,"cubeType":"max","cubeRatio":1.7777777777777777,"isVertical":true,"gallerySize":30,"collageAmount":0,"collageDensity":0,"groupTypes":"1","oneRow":false,"imageMargin":5,"galleryMargin":0,"scatter":0,"rotatingScatter":"","chooseBestGroup":true,"smartCrop":false,"hasThumbnails":false,"enableScroll":true,"isGrid":true,"isSlider":false,"isColumns":false,"isSlideshow":false,"cropOnlyFill":false,"fixedColumns":0,"enableInfiniteScroll":true,"isRTL":false,"minItemSize":50,"rotatingGroupTypes":"","rotatingCropRatios":"","columnWidths":"","gallerySliderImageRatio":1.7777777777777777,"numberOfImagesPerRow":3,"numberOfImagesPerCol":1,"groupsPerStrip":0,"borderRadius":0,"boxShadow":0,"gridStyle":0,"mobilePanorama":false,"placeGroupsLtr":true,"viewMode":"preview","thumbnailSpacings":4,"galleryThumbnailsAlignment":"bottom","isMasonry":false,"isAutoSlideshow":false,"slideshowLoop":false,"autoSlideshowInterval":4,"bottomInfoHeight":0,"titlePlacement":["SHOW_ON_THE_RIGHT","SHOW_BELOW"],"galleryTextAlign":"center","scrollSnap":false,"itemClick":"nothing","fullscreen":true,"videoPlay":"hover","scrollAnimation":"NO_EFFECT","slideAnimation":"SCROLL","scrollDirection":0,"scrollDuration":400,"overlayAnimation":"FADE_IN","arrowsPosition":0,"arrowsSize":23,"watermarkOpacity":40,"watermarkSize":40,"useWatermark":true,"watermarkDock":{"top":"auto","left":"auto","right":0,"bottom":0,"transform":"translate3d(0,0,0)"},"loadMoreAmount":"all","defaultShowInfoExpand":1,"allowLinkExpand":true,"expandInfoPosition":0,"allowFullscreenExpand":true,"fullscreenLoop":false,"galleryAlignExpand":"left","addToCartBorderWidth":1,"addToCartButtonText":"","slideshowInfoSize":200,"playButtonForAutoSlideShow":false,"allowSlideshowCounter":false,"hoveringBehaviour":"NEVER_SHOW","thumbnailSize":120,"magicLayoutSeed":1,"imageHoverAnimation":"NO_EFFECT","imagePlacementAnimation":"NO_EFFECT","calculateTextBoxWidthMode":"PERCENT","textBoxHeight":26,"textBoxWidth":200,"textBoxWidthPercent":65,"textImageSpace":10,"textBoxBorderRadius":0,"textBoxBorderWidth":0,"loadMoreButtonText":"","loadMoreButtonBorderWidth":1,"loadMoreButtonBorderRadius":0,"imageInfoType":"ATTACHED_BACKGROUND","itemBorderWidth":0,"itemBorderRadius":0,"itemEnableShadow":false,"itemShadowBlur":20,"itemShadowDirection":135,"itemShadowSize":10,"imageLoadingMode":"BLUR","expandAnimation":"NO_EFFECT","imageQuality":90,"usmToggle":false,"usm_a":0,"usm_r":0,"usm_t":0,"videoSound":false,"videoSpeed":"1","videoLoop":true,"jsonStyleParams":"","gallerySizeType":"px","gallerySizePx":1000,"allowTitle":true,"allowContextMenu":true,"textsHorizontalPadding":-30,"itemBorderColor":{"themeName":"color_12","value":"rgba(216,216,216,0)"},"showVideoPlayButton":true,"galleryLayout":2,"calculateTextBoxHeightMode":"MANUAL","targetItemSize":1000,"selectedLayout":"2|bottom|1|max|true|0|true","layoutsVersion":2,"selectedLayoutV2":2,"isSlideshowFont":true,"externalInfoHeight":26,"externalInfoWidth":0.65},"container":{"width":300,"galleryWidth":305,"galleryHeight":0,"scrollBase":0,"height":null}}. The parties shall give sympathetic consideration to such proposals. A brief discussion of the main recommendations is then provided in the concluding section of the memorandum. On May 13, 2019, China's delegation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) submitted a long-awaited proposal on WTO reform. China believes the necessary reform of the WTO should cover the following four areas for concrete actions: First, resolving the crucial and urgent issues threatening the existence of the WTO; Second, increasing WTO's relevance in global economic governance; Third, improving the It argues that much has already been done to improve the internal and external transparency of WTO processes. To quell US concerns, the EU has made concrete proposals and Canada convened a meeting of trade ministers from 13 WTO members in 2018 to discuss reform. “But as was made clear in recent G20 discussions, and reflected in the Riyadh Initiative Annex to the Trade Ministers’ Communique, not all WTO Members agree that “market-oriented policies” is a principle of the WTO. There is no simple solution. China must be named a non-market economy to stop the trade body sliding into irrelevance. This present article discusses the main reform proposals regarding future rule-making at the WTO, and whether these proposed reforms would lead the WTO to … Also, special and differential treatment should be phased out as countries meet agreed upon development milestones, based on objective graduation criteria. EU working on digital tax, WTO reform proposals, trade official says. Objectives from 2020 Trade Policy Agenda. This chapter describes and evaluates the various reform proposals that WTO members have advanced, especially their implications for developing countries. 1.↩ Three joint statements can be found here (January 9, 2019), here (May 23, 2019) and here (January 14, 2020). The writings of academics and trade professionals have also been consulted to aid with the execution of this task. This proposal is a game changer. Comments are closed. Request a free trial subscription or Log in. To stay connected to an eventual WTO reform agenda, intra-G20 meetings should be replicated in Geneva. It is worth reminding ourselves that this reform conversation did not seem remotely possible just a short time ago, but now it is a centerpiece of the WTO reform discussion. First, we lay out some core organizing principles which we argue should guide reform – since without agreement on core principles any negotiation process runs the risk of becoming unfocussed and unproductive; second, we identify a potential process through which reform discussions can constructively proceed. Proposals for WTO Reform: A Synthesis and Assessment* Bernard Hoekman World Bank and CEPR JEL classification: F13, F5 Keywords: WTO, governance, institutional reform, consensus, trade negotiations, dispute settlement, international cooperation

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